The media detects lactose fermentation by enteric bacteria with the pH indicator neutral red. The media inhibits growth of Gram-positive organisms with crystal violet and bile salts, allowing for the selection and isolation of gram-negative bacteria. It is designed to selectively isolate Gram-negative and enteric (normally found in the intestinal tract) bacilli and differentiate them based on lactose fermentation. Lactose fermenters turn red or pink on McConkey agar, and nonfermenters do not change color. MacConkey agar is a selective and differential culture medium for bacteria. Their presence is an indicator of faecal contamination, which can signify the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria. Which usually inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of human and other animals as well. While working for the Royal Commission on Sewage Disposal, His role was to inspect drinking water sources for the presence of Gram-negative enteric organisms. MacConkey agar (MAC) was developed as the first solid differential media in the 20th century by a bacteriologist, Alfred Theodore MacConkey.
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